STP & ETP

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  STP     Sewage treatment platn (residential & commercial) ETP     Effluent treatment plant (industry) COD     Chemical oxygen demand (soluble & insoluble organic compound) (2hr to 3hr) (mg/l) BOD     Biochemical oxygen demand (organic compound) (3days to 5days) (mg/l) KEY POINTS: Outlet of STP 50mg/l Biproduct of anaerobic digestion is H2S & NH3 To reduce stink smell use ozone 
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MOTORS

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SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR

                                  

 TYPES OF MOTOR

 AC

       SYNCHRONOUS    

       ASYNCHRONOUS/INDUCTION
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      SLIP RING   

                                                                SQUIRREL CAGE

DC

      SELF EXCITED

                                  SERIES
    
                                  SHUNT 
    
                                  COMPOUND

                                                        LONG SHUNT
    
                                                        SHORT SHUNT   

     SEPERATELY EXCITED
      
     PERMANENT MAGNET                                                                                                                                                   
OTHERS
    STEPPER
    BRUSHLESS
    HYSTERESIS
    RELUCTANCE
    UNIVERSAL
    FLAME PROOF 
    WEATHER PROOF

STARTING METHODS & SPEED CONTROL OF A MOTORS

 

SYNC(3)

SLIP(3)

SQUI(1)

SQUI(3)

SERIES

SHUNT

SHORT S

LONG S

STARTING METHODS

1,LRS

(induction staring)

2,Externally coupled pony motor / IC engine

1,LRS

1,C start

2,C run

3,C start & C run

4,Split phase/

resistance start

5,Shaded pole

1,DOL Star

2,DOL Delta

3,Star Delta

1,2point starter

1,3 point starter

2,4 point starter

1,3 point starter

2,4 point starter

1,3 point starter

2,4 point starter

SPEED CONTROL

 

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1,Varying rotor resistance

1,Controlling V applied to the stator

1,v/f control

2,changing P

3,controlling suppy V

4.Adding R in stator

5,Adding R in rotor

6,Cascade control

1,Field diverted method

2,Tapped field control

1,>normal speed by decreasing  field current

2,<normal speed by increasing armature current

1,>normal speed by decreasing  field current

2,<normal speed by increasing armature current

1,>normal speed by decreasing  field current

2,<normal speed by increasing armature current




ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS OF MOTORS:

SYNCHRONOUS

  • Power factor correction
  • Constant speed motor
  • Main drive of the ball mill

SLIP RING INDUCTION

  • High starting torque
  • Reduces the starting current
  • Speed control for lift, railway traction & elevator

SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION(3 PHASE)

  • EAF
  • SEF
  • FAF
  • PF
  • TVF
  • Constant speed
  • Self starting
  • Low maintenance

SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION(1 PHASE)

  • Low starting torque
  • Monoblock compressor pumps
  • Belt driven compressor pumps

SERIES

  • High starting torque
  • Variable speed motor
  • Traction application
  • Cranes
  • Trolly cars
  • Conveyors
  • Elevators
  • Air compressor
  • Vaccum cleaner
  • Sewing machine     

SHUNT

  • Constant speed motor
  • Low starting torque
  • Lathe machines
  • Centrifugal pumps
  • Fans
  • Blowers
  • Conveyors
  • Lifts
  • Weaving machine
  • Spinning machines          

COMPOUND 

  • Freight elevators
  • Stamping process
  • Rolling mills
  • Mixers Reciprocating

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