STP & ETP

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  STP     Sewage treatment platn (residential & commercial) ETP     Effluent treatment plant (industry) COD     Chemical oxygen demand (soluble & insoluble organic compound) (2hr to 3hr) (mg/l) BOD     Biochemical oxygen demand (organic compound) (3days to 5days) (mg/l) KEY POINTS: Outlet of STP 50mg/l Biproduct of anaerobic digestion is H2S & NH3 To reduce stink smell use ozone 
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APFC (CAPACITOR BANK)

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 APFC (CAPACITOR BANK)





APFC Stands for automatic power factor correction/controller 


Assume that your electrical  distribution system have the value of 100KVA,415V,240.96 Amps and PF is 0.8.


If we want to improve the power factor from 0.8 to 0.99, you need to install the static capacitor in the existing  system. 


There is a standard formula to calculate the required KVAR i.e. 

KVAR =P(Tan pi 1 - Tan pi 2) 

Let us assume Cos Pi 1 = 0.8 

                                  Pi 1 = cos inverse of 0.8
                                  Pi 1 = 36.869 

Also let us assume Cos Pi 2 =0.99

                                       Pi 2=Cos inverse of 0.99
                                       Pi 2= 8.109 

Now apply all the known values into the KVAR standard formula.

KVAR= 100( Tan 36.869 - Tan 8.109)
          =100(0.749-0.142)
          =100(0.607)
          =60.7

So, to improve the power factor from 0.8 to 0.99, we need to install at least 60KVAR capacity of APFC panel in the electrical system.



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